Sudy Guide

Key Terms:
AFRICAN LANDSCAPE:
Deserts Sahara/Kalahari-2/3 of African continent is covered with desert. Sahara is in North Africa and the Kalahari is in South Africa
Savanna- a vast tract of land characterized by wet and dry seasons; covered by grasses and shrubs.
Mountains-the Atlas Mountain Range and Mt. Kilimanjaro.
Atlas Mountain Range- Africa's longest mountain range.
Mt. Kilimanjaro- Africa's tallest mountain.
Nile River- the longest river.
Lake Victoria- Africa's largest lake.
Great Rift Valley- the largest rift in the Earth's surface.
AFRICAN HISTORY:
Began after the- the flood.
Ebed Melech- a famous cushite who helped the prophet Jeremiah when he was cast into prison by King Zedekiah.
Unnamed Ethiopian Eunich- Most famous Cushite in World History; Treasurer for Queen Candace of Cush; Philip led this treasurer to Christ.
Edesius- was shipwrecked and taken to Ethiopia as a slave; preached the gospel there and was credited with Bringing Christianity to Africa.
Frumentius-was shipwrecked and taken to Ethiopia as a slave; preached the gospel there and was credited with Bringing Christianity to Africa. He was the first bishop of the Ethiopian Christian Church.
EARLY CHRISTIANITY IN AFRICA:
Alexandria, Egypt- an important and influential city of Christianity; home to Clement of Alexandria and Origen.
Cyrene, Libya-an important and influential city of Christianity; Home of Simon of Cyrene.
Carthage,Tunisia-an important and influential city of Christianity; City of early church fathers Tertullian and Cyprian- both were martyred.
Simon of Cyrene- Carried the Cross for Jesus
Clement of Alexandria- His hymn,"Shepherd of Tender Youth", is the oldest surviving Christian hymn.
AFRICAN TRADE:
Sea trade(Africa/Asia)- As early as 1500 BC, Africans were trading with Asians. Africa provided : iron, ivory and gold; Asia provided: porcelain, precious stones and silk.
Inland Trade(Africa/Middle East)- Between 300 and 1200 AD,Ghana traded with the Middle East Arabs.Ghana provided: gold, ivory and slaves; Middle East provided: salt, copper and dried fruits.
Mali Empire- Lasted from 1200-1500AD. Modern day Gambia, Guinea,Mali and Senegal.
Timbuktu- Important trading center for Mali Empire; famous center for learning and culture.
Songhai Empire- Dominated West Africa in 1500s; monopolized trade across the Sahara.
EXPLORATION & MISSIONS:
"The White Man's Grave"- Name for Africa during the 19th century(1800s); explorers in Africa faced many obstacles: intense heat, Malaria, Sleeping sickness and Yellow fever.
Mungo Park- Explored Africa from 1768-1773; traced most of the Niger River.
Hugh Clapperton- Explored Africa from 1822-1824; First European to cross the Sahara Desert.
Alexander Laing-Explored Africa from 1825-1826; First European to reach Timbuktu.
Robert Moffat- Explored Africa from 1795-1883;One of the first missionaries to Africa; said"I can see the smoke of a thousand villages where the name of Christ has never been heard."
David Livingstone- Went to Africa in response to Moffat's call for more missionaries; First European to see Victoria Falls, Africa's largest waterfall; worked in Africa many years, went missing -Henry Stanley found him.
AFRICA IN MODERN TIMES:
European rule- By WWI(1914) only 2 African states were independent- Ethiopian and Lyberia; everyone else was ruled by Europeans.
Progress- what kind? 1.Law and Order; 2.Schools founded; 3. Roads/Railroads constructed; 4.Hospitals established; 5. New cities built.
1950s and 1960s- A move toward independence from European rule; began with Ghana in 1957.
1960s: Civil War broke out in Belgian Congo(Zaire); Communist terrorists forcibly established rule over Zaire.
General Idi Amin-Seized power in Uganda; ruled until 1979;Devout Muslim; killed and tortured as many as 300,000 people.